links of london poverty reduction strategies
The objective of the paper is not to challenge the 'if' question - whether output growth eventually reaches the poor - but to provide some evidence on the 'when' and the 'how' output growth can reduce poverty. The contribution to the 'when' question is given by focusing on the short-term defined as a one year period. links of london necklaces The short term should be of interest for the study of poverty. The poor live shorter lives and they are typically afflicted by problems that require urgent solutions such as hunger, maternal and child mortality or fatal diseases. A rapid impact of growth on poverty can save lives and poverty reduction strategies should give great emphasis to this aspect. The contribution to the 'how' question is given by conducting a cross-regional dynamic analysis of growth and poverty in one country combining macro and micro data to better understand the mechanics that link output growth to poverty reduction. discount links of london
The country of choice is Kazakhstan between 2001 and 2002. This is a good natural experiment. Between 1999 and 2002, Kazakhstan enjoyed a period of extraordinary growth estimated at 9.8% between 1999 and 2000, 13.5% between 2000 and 2001 and 9.5% between 2001 and 2002. During the same period, poverty (headcount index) declined significantly from 39% to 24% (World Bank 2004). This led observers to conclude that output growth in this country has been responsible for reducing poverty. Findings are surprising and counter intuitive. links of london bracelets Despite the strong covariance between output growth and poverty at the national level, we find no evidence of this covariance or a clear causal link between GDP growth and poverty reduction across the regions of Kazakhstan. Output growth has trickled down to households very little with an average growth in household income of only 0.7% between 2001 and 2002. However, the distribution of such growth has been largely pro-poor explaining the observed reduction in poverty. Therefore, the distribution of household income growth rather than output growth explains poverty reduction. links of london bangles